Its stars are often difficult to find under light-polluted city and suburban skies, but don’t get discouraged if you can’t see all of it. Start by finding the two stars at the front end of the Dipper’s “bowl,” Merak at the closed side and Dubhe at the open side. The Big Dipper is part of Ursa Major, the celestial Great Bear. Sky & Telescope is part of AAS Sky Publishing, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the American Astronomical Society. …
Notice the two outer stars in the bowl of the Big Dipper. The terms Charles's Wain and Charles his Wain are derived from the still older Carlswæn. [14] A folk etymology holds that this derived from Charlemagne, but the name is common to all the Germanic languages and the original reference was to the churls' (i.e., the men's) wagon, in contrast to the women's wagon, (the Little Dipper). Astronomers sometimes speak of the fixed stars, but they know that the stars are not truly fixed. The conformation of the seven stars in no way resembles the animal, — indeed the contrary; yet they called them Okuari and Paukunawa, words for a "bear," before they were visited by the white men, as is attested by Le Clercq in 1691, by the Reverend Cotton Mather in 1712, by the Jesuit missionary La Fitau in 1724, and by the French traveler Charlevoix in 1744. Within Ursa Major the stars of the Big Dipper have Bayer designations in consecutive Greek alphabetical order from the bowl to the handle. To find the second star in the Spring Triangle, let’s follow the curve of the Big Dipper’s handle away from the Dipper’s bowl and “Arc to Arcturus.” This red giant, the brightest star in Boötes, lies about 37 light-years away.
[20] The Western asterism is now known as the "Northern Dipper" (北斗) or the "Seven Stars of the Northern Dipper" (Chinese and Japanese: 北斗七星; pinyin: Běidǒu Qīxīng; Cantonese Yale: Bak¹-dau² Cat¹-sing¹; rōmaji: Hokutō Shichisei; Korean: 북두칠성; romaja: Bukdu Chilseong; Vietnamese: Bắc Đẩu Thất Tinh). To this day, Kochab and Pherkad are still known as the Guardians of the Pole.
In Italian, too, it is called the "Great Wagon" (Grande Carro). "But whence came the same idea into the minds of our North American Indians? The asterism's prominence on the north of the night sky produced the adjective septentrional (literally, pertaining to seven plow oxen) in Romance languages and English. The starry sky serves as a calendar and a story book, as is beautifully illustrated by the Mi’kmaw tale of Celestial Bear. If you know how, you can also use it as the starting point to find inspiring sights. The Little Dipper asterism is formed by six named stars – Polaris(Alpha Ursae Minoris), Kochab (Beta Ursae Minoris), Yildun (Delta Ursae Minoris), Pherkad (Gamma Ursae Minoris), Ahfa al Farkadain (Zeta Ursae Minoris), and Anwar al Farkadain (Eta Ursae Minoris) – and Epsilon Ursae Minoris. Now draw an imaginary line from Merak to Dubhe and extend it past the open top of the Dipper’s bowl. In Ireland and the United Kingdom, this pattern is known as the Plough (Irish: An Camchéachta – the bent plough). In 100,000 years, this pattern of Big Dipper stars (minus Dubhe and Alkaid) will appear much as it does today! The constellation of Ursa Major (Latin: Greater Bear) has been seen as a bear, a wagon, or a ladle. | Big and Little Dippers at different seasons, and different times of night, as captured by Matthew Chin in Hong Kong. Book XVIII of Homer's Iliad mentions it as "the Bear, which men also call the Wain". In Shinto, the seven largest stars of Ursa Major belong to Amenominakanushi, the oldest and most powerful of all kami. Start by finding the two stars at the front end of the Dipper’s “bowl,” Merak at the closed side and Dubhe at the open side.
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