MacDonnell, Freda. Australian rules football has historically not been strong in New South Wales outside the Riverina region. It originally comprised more than half of the Australian mainland with its western boundary set at 129th meridian east in 1825. The city's New Year's Eve celebrations are the largest in Australia. The standard of architecture in the city is generally mediocre, though there are a few handsome buildings surviving from the 19th century and a few contemporary buildings of distinction, including the brilliantly designed Opera House. Bank collapses were a frequent occurrence and a crisis point was reached in 1893 when 12 banks failed. To the south of The Domain is Hyde Park, the oldest public parkland in Australia which measures 16.2 hectares (0.1 square miles) in area. [320] The Australian New Wave of filmmaking saw a resurgence in film production in the city–with many notable features shot in the city between the 1970s and 80s, helmed by directors such as Bruce Beresford, Peter Weir and Gillian Armstrong. Others have visited the city and commented on it. Public activities such as main roads, traffic control, public transport, policing, education, and major infrastructure projects are the responsibility of the New South Wales state government. The form of the Government of New South Wales is prescribed in its Constitution, dating from 1856 and currently the Constitution Act 1902 (NSW). [382], There can be up to 350,000 cars using Sydney's roads simultaneously during peak hour, leading to significant traffic congestion. In 1899 further referenda were held in the same states as well as Queensland (but not Western Australia). (2009). [216] 48.9% of families are couples with children, 33.5% are couples without children, and 15.7% are single-parent families. There were 1.76 million dwellings in Sydney in 2016 including 925,000 (57%) detached houses, 227,000 (14%) semi-detached terrace houses and 456,000 (28%) units and apartments. [29] Sydney is also home to the oldest library in Australia, the State Library of New South Wales, opened in 1826. Rainfall varies throughout the state. It was conceived by Jørn Utzon with contributions from Peter Hall, Lionel Todd, and David Littlemore. [376] Westmead Hospital in 1978 was the last major facility to open. [4], On 9 October 2007 NSW announced plans to build a 1,000 MW bank of wind powered turbines. [87] The plants in this community tend to have rough and spiky leaves, as they're grown in areas with low soil fertility.
Unsworth was replaced as ALP leader by Bob Carr. Only 45.4% of the population had both parents born in Australia. Greater Sydney is served by: Education became a proper focus for the colony from the 1870s when public schools began to form and schooling became compulsory. [101] Sydney experiences an urban heat island effect. Opened on 1 April 1892, its shop fronts are an exact replica of the original internal shopping facades. When a general election came in 1976 the ALP under Neville Wran were returned to power. Coal and related products are the state's biggest export. [327] Its competitor is the News Corporation tabloid The Daily Telegraph which has been in print since 1879. [390] Sydney's railway was first constructed in 1854 with progressive extension to the network to serve both freight and passengers across the city, suburbs, and beyond to rural New South Wales. The median weekly rent in Sydney is $450. [367], Governor Lachlan Macquarie arranged for the construction of Sydney Hospital and saw it completed in 1816. NSW TrainLink intercity trains operate on the Blue Mountains Line, Central Cost & Newcastle Line, South Coast Line, Southern Highlands Line and Hunter Line. [35] Established in 1906, Central station, the largest and busiest railway station in the state, is the main hub of the city's rail network. Temperance coffee palaces, hotels as well as other civic buildings such as libraries and museums were erected in the city. The first cricket club was formed in 1826 and matches were played within Hyde Park throughout the 1830s and 1840s. Omissions? The far north-west receives the least, less than 180 mm (7 in) annually, while the east receives between 700 to 1,400 mm (28 to 55 in) of rain. The Hornsby Plateau is located to the north and is dissected by steep valleys. [59] The Rum Rebellion of 1808 was the only successful armed takeover of government in Australian history, where the Governor of New South Wales, William Bligh, was ousted by the New South Wales Corps under the command of Major George Johnston, who led the rebellion. Throughout Australian history, New South Wales sporting teams have been very successful in both winning domestic competitions and providing players to the Australian national teams. The beneficiary of the resultant discontent was not the Communist Party, which remained small and weak, but Jack Lang's Labor populism. [230], The area now known as The Domain was set aside by Governor Arthur Phillip in 1788 as his private reserve. [53] Part of Macquarie's effort to transform the colony was his authorisation for convicts to re-enter society as free citizens.
Successful films shot in Sydney since then include The Matrix, Lantana, Mission: Impossible 2, Moulin Rouge!, Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones, Australia, and The Great Gatsby. Britain decided in 1786 to found a new penal outpost in the territory discovered by Cook some 16 years earlier. [44][49] Gold was discovered in the colony in 1851 and with it came thousands of people seeking to make money.
[369] The Prince of Wales Hospital was established in 1852 and became the first of several major hospitals to be opened in the coming decades. Additional business centres have sprung up in North Sydney, which is linked to the City of Sydney by the Harbour Bridge, and Parramatta, about 15 miles (25 km) west of the city centre. At each election one member is elected to the Legislative Assembly from each of 93 electoral districts and half of the 42 members of the Legislative Council are elected by a statewide electorate. The Australian Capital Territory is an enclave within the state. [288], The median age of Sydney residents is 36 and 12.9% of people are 65 or older. Rainfall is moderate in this area, ranging from 600 to 800 mm (24 to 31 in). [179][180][181], In 1814 the Governor called on a convict named Francis Greenway to design Macquarie Lighthouse. New South Wales is divided into 128 local government areas. In addition to Financial Services and Tourism, the Creative and Technology sectors are focus industries for the City of Sydney and represented 9% and 11% of its economic output in 2012. Radio became a popular tool for politics, news, religion, and sport and has managed to survive despite the introduction of television and the Internet. A total of 39,000 tonnes of structural steel span the 503 metres (1,650 feet) between Milsons Point and Dawes Point.[70][200]. The Eastern Suburbs encompass the Municipality of Woollahra, the City of Randwick, the Waverley Municipal Council, and parts of the Bayside Council.
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