Castor climbed a tree to keep a watch as Pollux began to free the cattle. Castor und Pollux, bzw. He opted for the latter, enabling the twins to alternate between Olympus and Hades. Each year on July 15, Feast Day of the Dioskouroi, 1,800 equestrians would parade through the streets of Rome in an elaborate spectacle in which each rider wore full military attire and whatever decorations he had earned. The figure of Tyndareus may have entered their tradition to explain their archaic name Tindaridai in Spartan inscriptions, or Tyndaridai in literature,[2] in turn occasioning incompatible accounts of their parentage. Sie bilden die kurze Seite eines länglichen Rechtecks. There is much contradictory information regarding the parentage of the Dioscuri. Castor und Pollux widmet sich nun ganz der Kunst in und aus Berlin, berichtet über aktuelle Ausstellungen und regt zum kritischen Kunstdiskurs an. Der Pollux ist zwar der niedrigere Berg, aber technisch schwieriger.
[41] As was the fashion in Greece, they could also be portrayed symbolically; one example is seen in the Tomb of the Funereal Bed at Tarquinia where a lectisternium is painted for them. Sein trauernder Bruder wurde daraufhin vom Göttervater Zeus vor die Wahl gestellt, entweder für alle Ewigkeit ein göttliches Leben oder abwechselnd einen Tag bei seinem Bruder in der Hölle und einen Tag im Olymp zu verbringen und dabei zusehends zu altern und schließlich zu sterben.
Idas, furious, ambushed Castor, fatally wounding him with a blow from his spear—but not before Castor called out to warn Pollux.
[27][28] According to another legend, the city was founded by their charioteers, Amphitus and Cercius of Sparta. The cousins carried out a cattle-raid in Arcadia together but fell out over the division of the meat. 24 M-W). The 5th century pope Gelasius I attested to the presence of a "cult of Castores" that the people didn't want to abandon. [26] The Dioscuri are the inventors of war dances, which characterize the Kuretes. Castor und Pollux sind ein berühmtes Zwillingspaar in der Bergkette und beide werden in dieser Etappe bestiegen. Der antiken Mythologie zufolge stehen dort die Brüder Kastor und Pollux. The establishment of a temple may also be a form of evocatio, the transferral of a tutelary deity from a defeated town to Rome, where cult would be offered in exchange for favor. Ancient Greek authors tell a number of versions of the story of Castor and Pollux. They are sometimes shown arriving at a gallop over a food-laden table. Sein trauernder Bruder wurde daraufhin vom Göttervater Zeus vor die Wahl gestellt, entweder für alle Ewigkeit ein göttliches Leben oder abwechselnd einen Tag bei … The ancient city of Dioscurias or Dioskurias (Διοσκουριάς) on the Black Sea coast, modern Sukhumi, was named after them. [23] The pear tree was regarded by the Spartans as sacred to Castor and Pollux, and images of the twins were hung in its branches. Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin, 1991, 10-31. www.jstor.org/stable/40514336. "The Divine Twins in early Greek poetry". [11] The uncle was on his way to Crete, so he left Helen in charge of entertaining the guests, which included both sets of cousins, as well as Paris, prince of Troy. Their herōon or grave-shrine was on a mountain top at Therapne across the Eurotas from Sparta, at a shrine known as the Meneláeion where Helen, Menelaus, Castor and Pollux were all said to be buried. Their other sisters were Timandra, Phoebe, and Philonoe. [6] They can be recognized in some vase-paintings by the skull-cap they wear, the pilos (πῖλος), which was already explained in antiquity as the remnants of the egg from which they hatched. [39][40], The Etruscans venerated the twins as Kastur and Pultuce, collectively as the tinas cliniiaras, "Sons of Tinia," Etruscan counterpart of Zeus. [18], The Dioskouroi were worshipped by the Greeks and Romans alike; there were temples to the twins in Athens, such as the Anakeion, and Rome, as well as shrines in many other locations in the ancient world. Pollux wählte die Nähe zu seinem Zwillingsbruder, sodass die Dioskuren Castor und Pollux seither als unzertrennliches Brüderpaar bekannt sind. [6] The Dioscuri are also invoked in Alcaeus' Fragment 34a,[7] though whether this poem antedates the Homeric Hymn to the twins[8] is unknown.
More directly, the Acts of the Apostles mentions the Dioskouroi in a neutral context, as the figurehead of an Alexandrian ship boarded by Paul in Malta (Acts 28:11). After returning from the voyage, the Dioscuri helped Jason and Peleus to destroy the city of Iolcus in revenge for the treachery of its king Pelias. Die Zwillinge waren unzertrennlich. When the Spartan army marched to war, one king remained behind at home, accompanied by one of the Twins. [15], The New Testament scholar Dennis MacDonald identifies Castor and Pollux as models for James son of Zebedee and his brother John in the Gospel of Mark. Some have also associated Saints Speusippus, Eleusippus, and Melapsippus with the Dioskouroi. [11], Returning to the dying Castor, Pollux was given the choice by Zeus of spending all his time on Mount Olympus or giving half his immortality to his mortal brother. Auf der Rückreise gerieten sie mit einem anderen Zwillingspaar in Streit über zwei Frauen. In Pindar, Pollux is the son of Zeus while Castor is the son of the mortal Tyndareus. [h] Pollux asked Zeus to let him share his own immortality with his twin to keep them together, and they were transformed into the constellation Gemini. In Homer's Iliad, Helen looks down from the walls of Troy and wonders why she does not see her brothers among the Achaeans. [j], Castor and Pollux are consistently associated with horses in art and literature. This began a family feud among the four sons of the brothers Tyndareus and Aphareus. Cicero tells the story of how Simonides of Ceos was rebuked by Scopas, his patron, for devoting too much space to praising Castor and Pollux in an ode celebrating Scopas' victory in a chariot race. Lippolis, Enzo. [35], The Romans believed that the twins aided them on the battlefield. [31][32], From the 5th century BCE onwards, the brothers were revered by the Romans, probably as the result of cultural transmission via the Greek colonies of Magna Graecia in southern Italy. They are also often shown wearing felt caps, sometimes with stars above. [11] Thus, the four cousins helped set into motion the events that gave rise to the Trojan War.
The domestic setting of the theoxenia was a characteristic distinction accorded to the Dioskouroi.[6]. Some time later, Idas and Lynceus visited their uncle's home in Sparta. Although such "table offerings" were a fairly common feature of Greek cult rituals, they were normally made in the shrines of the gods or heroes concerned. Meanwhile, Castor and Pollux had reached their destination. [11] As they prepared to eat, the gigantic Idas suggested that the herd be divided into two parts instead of four, based on which pair of cousins finished their meal first. Sie wich ganz der zeitgenössischen Kunst, welche dieses Blog nun vollkommen ausfüllt. Seine rötliche Farbe kontrastiert auffällig zu seinem fast gleich hellen Nachbarstern Castor (α Geminorum). [11] In the ensuing brawl, Pollux killed Lynceus. As emblems of immortality and death, the Dioscuri, like Heracles, were said to have been initiated into the Eleusinian mysteries. [17], They were described by Dares Phrygius as "... blond haired, large eyed, fair complexioned, and well-built with trim bodies". Castor and Pollux (or in Greek, Polydeukes ) were twin half-brothers in Greek and Roman mythology, known together as the Dioscuri. They were also associated with horsemanship, in keeping with their origin as the Indo-European horse twins. Robbins, Emmet. Castor himself was also venerated in the region of Kastoria in northern Greece. During the expedition of the Argonauts, Pollux took part in a boxing contest and defeated King Amycus of the Bebryces, a savage mythical people in Bithynia.
"In this way the real political order is secured in the realm of the Gods".[2]. The church took an ambivalent attitude, rejecting the immortality of the Dioskouroi but seeking to replace them with equivalent Christian pairs. Greek vases regularly show them capturing Phoebe and Hilaeira, as Argonauts, as well as in religious ceremonies and at the delivery to Leda of the egg containing Helen. When their sister Helen was abducted by Theseus, the half-brothers invaded his kingdom of Attica to rescue her. [29][30], The heavenly twins appear in Indo-European tradition as the effulgent Vedic brother-horsemen called the Ashvins,[2][5] Lithuanian Ašvieniai, and possibly Germanic Alcis.
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