spoon worms ~135 marine species 1-50 cm long-bilateral, vermiform, coelomates-annelid like body but no segmentation Repeated attempts to infer sipunculan relationships have attained discordant results, possibly owing to fragmentary molecular sequence data sets. All figure content in this area was uploaded by Laura Timm, All content in this area was uploaded by Laura Timm on Jun 14, 2016, Sipunculan Larvae and ‘‘Cosmopolitan’’ Species, Laboratory of Productive Biology, A.V. For species in which minimum, maximum and mean PLD were available, it is noteworthy that both minimum and maximum PLD are better correlated with FST than the mean larval duration, which has been used in all such previous studies. Ann Rev Mar Sci 1:443–66. The research was funded by a col-, laborative grant from the Far East Branch of the, Russian Academy of Science and Civilian Research, and Development Foundation (CRDF Global) to, A.S. and A.M. (RUB1-2996VL-11), by National, Science Foundation Assembling the Tree of Life, grant DEB-1036186 to A.S. Further funding was pro-, vided by the Far East Branch of the Russian, Academy of Sciences (grants 12-HHC-007, 12-I-0-.
2010 = 12;Ferrero-Vicente et al. We conclude that all three ‘‘cosmopolitan’’, species actually represent complexes of cryptic or pseudo-cryptic species. because the same taxonomists identified the samples. Settlement and metamorphosis of marine inverte-. The development of, of the Pacific. Personal and historical perspectives, The complete mitochondrial genome of Phascolosoma similis (Sipuncula, Phascolosomatidae) from Beibu Bay, A census of deep-water sipunculans (Sipuncula), Further records of sipunculans (Sipuncula) from the Mediterranean Sea, Some Comments on the Taxonomy of the Peanut Worms (Annelida: Sipuncula) in Japanese Waters Toward a Future Revision, The Sipuncula: Their Systematics, Biology, and Evolution, Genetic differentiation despite teleplanic larval dispersal: Allozyme variation in sipunculans of the Apionsoma misakianum species-complex, Weersing KA, Toonen RJ.. Population genetics, larval dispersal, and demographic connectivity in marine systems. are applied (Knowlton and Keller 1986; Cowen et al. (2003), Schulze et al. Nucleotide diversity and average, K2P distances within populations are generally low. 5B). The terminal organ (not shown) is usually retracted when the larva is swimming or inactive. Our multilocus data set recovers six major clades of Sipuncula across multiple analytical treatments. Echiura. Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, P.O. description of two new families. the Sipuncula appeared in a publication by Gerould (1907) on cell lineage and larval development in Phascolopsis gouldi and Golfingia vulgaris. Phenotypic plasticity in development may still exist, but this is a different issue that should be investi-. A comparative study of the development of, with a discussion of developmental patterns in the, Rice ME. date: 20 October 2020. Other pela-, gosphera larvae had been kept in laboratory cultures, for up to 7 months without metamorphosing (Rice, 1967), providing further support for the possibility, On the other hand, many recent studies on the, relationship between the pelagic larval duration, (PLD) and the connectivity of populations in a va-, riety of other taxa have found that many species with, long PLDs show stronger population structure than, predicted on the basis of passive dispersal of the, larvae by oceanic currents. Comparative Development and the Evolution of Life History Diversity in Sipuncula, Morphological and molecular differences between the Amphiamerican populations of Antillesoma (Sipuncula: Antillesomatidae), with the description of a new species, Genetic structure in two Phascolosoma species in the Pacific Ocean, 6. 2006. and evolution. On the other hand, sipunculans are notoriously, difficult to identify as they have a relatively sim-, ple body plan that is conserved throughout the, group, limiting the number of taxonomically useful, The body of an adult sipunculan is divided into an, unsegmented trunk and a retractable introvert with, an array of tentacles at its tip. It is possible that, some of the original species were synonymized mis-, takenly. They concluded that ‘‘zoogeographical evidence con-, firms the hypothesis that many tropical and warm-, temperate, shoal-water species of sipunculans are, widely dispersed. the basal nodes generally have low branch support. Maxmen AB, King BF, Cutler EB, Giribet G. 2003. During this treatment, there was a significant difference between A. immaculatus and the other two species, with the former showing enhanced recruitment into anemones placed within 6 m of the reef. For 16S rRNA, average K2P dis-, tances between the populations from the Sea of, Japan and from the NE Pacific are highest for, Our data are clear evidence against cosmopolitanism, of the three amphi-Pacific sipunculan species under, investigation although there is no doubt that the, specimens from both regions were properly identi-, fied based on morphology according to the pub-. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. For permissions please email: [email protected]. Leur corps présente deux zones différentes. Peanut worm, any member of the invertebrate phylum Sipuncula, a group of unsegmented marine worms. New York: Elsevier North-Holland Biomedical. According to modern molecular phylogenetic and phylogenomic relationships in Sipuncula, our observations implicate extensive developmental diversification and heterochrony within the largest sipunculan family, Golfingiidae. Reproduction and develop-, ment of common species of peanut worms (Sipuncula). 1983. Edited by Alan Shanks. aspect. Chen, J. Vannier, and J. I. Saiz Salinas (2004). Immunocytochemical studies of the nervous system in larval sipunculans have had a critical impact on phylogenetic considerations, since they have revealed numerous features that are shared between sipunculans and annelids, including the formation of the nervous system; thus supporting their close affiliation. The body of this pelagosphera larva can be divided into four regions: the head, the mid-region that includes the metatrochal ciliary band, the trunk, and the terminal organ. Fishery Bulletin- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Because of the uniformity of the sipunculan, body plan and the paucity of taxonomically mean-, ingful characters, we do not believe that a simple, re-examination of morphology would yield decisive, answers in these cases. Statistics based on nucleotide, (Excoffier et al. 5). amplification. Their systematics, biology. Some groups considered suspect in previous studies are vindicated (e.g. Search for other works by this author on: © 1976 by the American Society of Zoologists, Epigenetics of animal personality: DNA methylation cannot explain the heritability of exploratory behavior in a songbird, Reply to Monsinjon, Girondot, and Guillon, Comment on Carter AW, Paitz RT, Bowden RM. You could not be signed in, please check and try again. These examples demonstrate that a solid taxonomic framework based on molecular and morphological evidence is a prerequisite for evaluating relationships between dispersal capabilities, species' ranges, and the connectivity of populations. The ventral nerve cord forms a single longitudinal neurite bundle without ganglia. ", Berkeley-edu/ Introduction to Sipuncula "Peanut Worms", World Register of Marine Species, consulté le 27 juillet 2015, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sipuncula&oldid=172128154, Embranchement de protostomiens (nom scientifique), Taxobox utilisant la classification selon World Register of Marine Species, Catégorie Commons avec lien local identique sur Wikidata, Portail:Origine et évolution du vivant/Articles liés, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence. Using an inter-simple sequence repeat polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR) genetic fingerprinting approach, this study examines non-coding polymorphic regions of the nuclear genomes of P. agassizii from four eastern Pacific populations and of Phascolosoma sp. Here, we utilize compound and confocal microscopy to investigate variation in developmental morphology among three sipunculan species with contrasting life history patterns: Phascolion cryptum develops directly from an embryo to the vermiform stage; Themiste alutacea develops indirectly through lecithotrophic trochophore and pelagosphera larvae, and Nephasoma pellucidum develops indirectly through a lecithotrophic trochophore and a planktotrophic pelagosphera larva. Phascolosoma agassizii, Thysanocardia nigra, —is exceptionally well studied in both regions, we even found two very distinct genetic lineages within the same location in the Northeast. 3.1 5X sequencing, Sampling locations in the Sea of Japan (left), Places and dates of collection, habitats, and accession numbers for Texas A&M University at Galveston (T, statistics reflect nucleotide diversity rather than, is reportedly the largest and the only one, , although differences exist in the shape of the hooks. Proc Biol Soc Wash 96:669–94. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 393: 1-12, Reproduction and Development of Common Species of Peanut Worms (Sipuncula) from the Sea of Japan, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of the Peanut Worm (Sipunculus nudus) in Southern China as lnferred from Mitochondrial 16S rRNA Sequences, A comparative study of the development of Phascolosoma agassizii, Golfingia pugettensis, and Themiste pyroides with a discussion of developmental patterns in the Sipuncula, Genetic Approaches to Measuring Connectivity, Larvae which fall far short of their potential: Highly localized recruitment in an alpheid shrimp with extended larval development, Sipunculan phylogeny based on six genes, with a new classification and the descriptions of two new families, The Global Invertebrate Genomics Alliance (GIGA), KuramBio II (Kuril Kamchatka Biodiversity Studies II). In recent, years, novel approaches to studying dispersal, span-, ning genetics, isotope signatures, and biophysical, modeling have greatly increased our understanding, of the connectivity of marine populations (reviewed. nische Sipunculiden.
organisms is subject to ongoing discussion (e.g.. Lester and Ruttenberg 2005; Hedgecock et al. The bearing of the new systematics on genetic, Palumbi SR. 1996. Jaeckle, W & Rice, M. 2002. Edited by Craig M Young.
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